Citation: ZHANG Wen-Hao, LAN Ying-Jia, LU Cheng-Hua, SUN Zi-Yuan, LU Huan-Jun, LI Xiao-Hong, TU Ying-Feng. Application of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Technology in Component Analysis of Blooming on Rubber Product Surface[J]. Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, ;2023, 51(3): 405-411. doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.221376 shu

Application of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Technology in Component Analysis of Blooming on Rubber Product Surface

1.
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China;
2.
Su Zhou Hua Dong Rubber Industrial CO., Ltd., Suzhou 215000, China;
3.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China

Corresponding author: LI Xiao-Hong, TU Ying-Feng,
Received Date: 6 July 2022
Revised Date: 9 February 2023

Fund Project: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22071167).

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy spectrometry (EDS), quantitative proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) and two-dimensional diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) techniques were applied to analyze the composition of blooming. The EDS results indicated that the elements in the blooming were carbon, oxygen, sulfur and zinc with the mass ratio of 6∶1∶1∶1. Quantitative ¹H NMR combined with DOSY strongly convinced that the main precipitates of the blooming were zinc stearate, zinc dimethyl dithiocarbamate (ZDMC), 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and rubber protective wax. Their corresponding mass content ratio was 38.9% : 31.5% : 14.4% : 15.2%, based on which the content ratio of element C, O, S and Zn was estimated as 5.70 ∶0.44 ∶1.28∶1. Then the possible formation mechanism of blooming was proposed. ZnO reacted with S to form ZnS, followed by the reaction of ZnS and stearic acid to generate zinc stearate. Moreover, tetramethyl thiuram disulfide (TMTD) could react with ZnO to produce ZDMC during the vulcanization stage. The DOSY and quantitative ¹H NMR spectroscopy were used together for the first time to analyze the components of blooming mixture on the surface of rubber products, which opened a new avenue to analyze unknown mixtures.
1. [1]
2. [2]
3. [3]
4. [4]
5. [5]
6. [6]
7. [7]
8. [8]
9. [9]
10. [10]
11. [11]
12. [12]
  SHARJ-SHARIFI M, TAGHVAEI-GANJALI S, MOTIEE F. J. Polym. Res., 2020, 23:111-124.
13. [13]
  WON J S, LEE J M, LEE P G, CHOI H Y, KWAK T J, LEE S G. J. Mater. Sci., 2022, 57(2):1489-1505.
14. [14]
  ZHONG Z, PENG L, SU J, LUO Z, HAN C C, HUANG X, SU Z. Soft Matter, 2022, 18(45):8605-8612.
15. [15]
16. [16]
17. [17]
18. [18]
  ZHAO Y, GAO L, LU H, LI X, TU Y, CHANG T. Polymer, 2022, 213:123202.
19. [19]
  YOU Y L, LI F F, WANG N, WANG S Q. Molecules, 2021, 26(6):1751.
20. [20]
  ZHAN H, HAO M, FENG Y, CAO S, NI Z, HUANG Y, CHEN Z. J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2021, 12(3):1073-1080.
21. [21]
22. [22]
23. [23]
24. [24]
  MONDIN A, BOGIALLI S, VENZO A, FAVARO G, BADOCCO D, PASTORE P. Chemosphere, 2014, 95:379-386.
25. [25]
  YAN H, HUANG Z, CHEN M, LI C, CHEN Y, GAO M, LEI A. Org. Biomol. Chem., 2017, 15(39):8276-8279.
26. [26]
  NAGY E M, SITRAN S, MONTOPOLI M, FAVARO M, MARCHIÒ L, CAPARROTTA L, FREGONA D. J. Inorg. Biochem., 2012, 117:131-139.
27. [27]
  PREGOSIN P S. Magn. Reson. Chem., 2017, 55(5):405-413.
28. [28]
  MALLOL R, RODRÍGUEZ M A, HERAS M, VINAIXA M, PLANA N, MASANA L, MORRIS G A, CORREIG X. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2012, 402(7):2407-2415.
29. [29]
  GUO C, YARGER J L. Magn. Reson. Chem., 2018, 56(11):1074-1082.
30. [30]
  GIUBERTONI G, ROMBOUTS G, CAPORALETTI F, DEBLAIS A, DIEST R V, REEK N. H, BONN D, WOUTERSEN S. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2022:e202213424.
31. [31]
  DENG H, GONG G, LV S, CHEN Y, ZHAO Q, LIU S, CHEN S, WANG L. Org. Chem. Front., 2022, 10(2):317-326.
32. [32]
  BAKKOUR Y, DARCOS V, LI S, COUDANE J. Polym. Chem., 2012, 3(8):2006.
33. [33]
  KRUGER F W H, MCGILL W J. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 1992, 45(9):1545-1556.
34. [34]
  NIEUWENHUIZEN P J, VAN DUIN M, HAASNOOT J G, REEDIJK J, MCGILL W J. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 1999, 73(7):1247-1257.
1. [1]
  Hao Wu , Zhen Liu , Dachang Bai . ¹H NMR Spectrum of Amide Compounds. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(3): 231-238. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202309020
2. [2]
  Zhuoming Liang , Ming Chen , Zhiwen Zheng , Kai Chen . Multidimensional Studies on Ketone-Enol Tautomerism of 1,3-Diketones By ¹H NMR. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(7): 361-367. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202311029
3. [3]
  Jinkang Jin , Yidian Sheng , Ping Lu , Zhan Lu . Introducing a Website for Learning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectrum Analysis. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(11): 388-396. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202403054
4. [4]
  Haolin Zhan , Qiyuan Fang , Jiawei Liu , Xiaoqi Shi , Xinyu Chen , Yuqing Huang , Zhong Chen . Noise Reduction of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Using Lightweight Deep Neural Networ. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(2): 100017-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202310045
5. [5]
  Haiyang Jin , Yonghai Hui , Yongfei Zhang , Lijun Gao , Yun Wang . Application and Exploration of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer in Undergraduate Basic Laboratory Teaching. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(3): 245-250. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202406022
6. [6]
  .
  南开大学师唯/华北电力大学（保定）刘景维：二维配位聚合物中有序的亲锂冠醚位点用于无枝晶锂沉积
  . CCS Chemistry, 2025, 7(0): -.
7. [7]
  Jianbao Mei , Bei Li , Shu Zhang , Dongdong Xiao , Pu Hu , Geng Zhang . Enhanced Performance of Ternary NASICON-Type Na_3.5-xMn_0.5V_1.5-xZr_x(PO₄)₃/C Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(12): 2407023-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202407023
8. [8]
  Zhangshu Wang , Xin Zhang , Jixin Han , Xuebing Fang , Xiufeng Zhao , Zeyu Gu , Jinjun Deng . Exploration and Design of Experimental Teaching on Ultrasonic-Enhanced Synergistic Treatment of Ternary Composite Flooding Produced Water. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(5): 116-124. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202310056
9. [9]
  Juntao Yan , Liang Wei . 2D S-Scheme Heterojunction Photocatalyst. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(10): 2312024-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202312024
10. [10]
  Ran HUO , Zhaohui ZHANG , Xi SU , Long CHEN . Research progress on multivariate two dimensional conjugated metal organic frameworks. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(11): 2063-2074. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240195
11. [11]
  Huanhuan XIE , Yingnan SONG , Lei LI . Two-dimensional single-layer BiOI nanosheets: Lattice thermal conductivity and phonon transport mechanism. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(4): 702-708. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240281
12. [12]
  Baohua LÜ , Yuzhen LI . Anisotropic photoresponse of two-dimensional layered α-In₂Se₃(2H) ferroelectric materials. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(10): 1911-1918. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240105
13. [13]
  Runhua Chen , Qiong Wu , Jingchen Luo , Xiaolong Zu , Shan Zhu , Yongfu Sun . 缺陷态二维超薄材料用于光/电催化CO₂还原的基础与展望. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(3): 2308052-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202308052
14. [14]
  Huayan Liu , Yifei Chen , Mengzhao Yang , Jiajun Gu . 二维材料基超级电容器的容量与倍率性能提升策略. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(6): 100063-. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100063
15. [15]
  Mi Wen , Baoshuo Jia , Yongqi Chai , Tong Wang , Jianbo Liu , Hailong Wu . Improvement of Fluorescence Quantitative Analysis Experiment: Simultaneous Determination of Rhodamine 6G and Rhodamine 123 in Food Using Chemometrics-Assisted Three-Dimensional Fluorescence Method. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(4): 390-398. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202405147
16. [16]
  Fan JIA , Wenbao XU , Fangbin LIU , Haihua ZHANG , Hongbing FU . Synthesis and electroluminescence properties of Mn²⁺ doped quasi-two-dimensional perovskites (PEA)₂Pb_yMn_1-yBr₄. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(6): 1114-1122. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230473
17. [17]
  Yongzhi LI , Han ZHANG , Gangding WANG , Yanwei SUI , Lei HOU , Yaoyu WANG . A two-dimensional metal-organic framework for the determination of nitrofurantoin and nitrofurazone in aqueous solution. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(2): 245-253. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240307
18. [18]
  Shiyang He , Dandan Chu , Zhixin Pang , Yuhang Du , Jiayi Wang , Yuhong Chen , Yumeng Su , Jianhua Qin , Xiangrong Pan , Zhan Zhou , Jingguo Li , Lufang Ma , Chaoliang Tan . 铂单原子功能化的二维Al-TCPP金属-有机框架纳米片用于增强光动力抗菌治疗. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(5): 100046-. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100046
19. [19]
  Jie ZHAO , Huili ZHANG , Xiaoqing LU , Zhaojie WANG . Theoretical calculations of CO₂ capture and separation by functional groups modified 2D covalent organic framework. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(2): 275-283. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240213
20. [20]
  Mengfei He , Chao Chen , Yue Tang , Si Meng , Zunfa Wang , Liyu Wang , Jiabao Xing , Xinyu Zhang , Jiahui Huang , Jiangbo Lu , Hongmei Jing , Xiangyu Liu , Hua Xu . Epitaxial Growth of Nonlayered 2D MnTe Nanosheets with Thickness-Tunable Conduction for p-Type Field Effect Transistor and Superior Contact Electrode. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(2): 100016-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202310029

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(16)
Abstract views(1134)
HTML views(95)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Application of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Technology in Component Analysis of Blooming on Rubber Product Surface

南开大学师唯/华北电力大学（保定）刘景维：二维配位聚合物中有序的亲锂冠醚位点用于无枝晶锂沉积

Metrics

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com