基于极少量采样的彩绘文物颜料成分分析

引用本文: 孙凤, 许惠攀, 王若苏, 同杨阳, 康宁武, 艾健. 基于极少量采样的彩绘文物颜料成分分析[J]. 分析化学, 2022, 50(3): 465-471. doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.201505 shu

Citation: SUN Feng, XU Hui-Pan, WANG Ruo-Su, TONG Yang-Yang, KANG Ning-Wu, AI Jian. Analysis of Pigment Composition of Painted Cultural Relics Based on Very Small Amount of Sampling[J]. Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2022, 50(3): 465-471. doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.201505 shu

基于极少量采样的彩绘文物颜料成分分析

孙凤 ^{1,2,
,} ,
许惠攀 ^1, ,
王若苏 ^1, ,
同杨阳 ^1, ,
康宁武 ^3, ,
艾健 ^4,

¹西北大学文化遗产学院, 西安 710127;
²文化遗产研究与保护技术教育部重点实验室, 西安 710127;
³榆林市文物考古勘察工作队, 榆林 719054;
⁴米脂县博物馆, 榆林 718199

通讯作者: 孙凤,E-mail:sunfeng@nwu.edu.cn

基金项目:
国家自然科学基金项目（No.22101226）和教育部人文社会科学研究基金项目（No.18YJCZH154）资助。

摘要: 随着文物保护理念的提升，越来越提倡文物样品的无损或微损分析；同时由于文物样品的复杂性，对分析技术提出了更加严苛的要求。彩绘类文物的颜料分析研究，对其文物信息的提取，以及古代人类历史、社会、文化的研究和阐述具有重要作用。结合本研究组前期的研究成果，本研究提出了一种在极少量采样的情况下，分析研究文物颜料的方法，并用于榆林卧虎湾墓出土的一件彩绘陶钫和一件彩绘陶甑表面的彩色颜料的分析鉴定。采用超景深三维视频显微系统（OM）、扫描电子显微镜能谱（SEM-EDS）、微区X射线衍射（μ-XRD）和显微激光拉曼（MLRM）等多种技术进行分析研究。结果表明：白色颜料是骨白（Ca₁₀[PO₄]₆[OH]₂），红色颜料是朱砂（HgS），绿色颜料为孔雀石（Cu₂[OH]₂CO₃）与石膏（CaSO₄）混合而成，紫色颜料是中国紫（BaCuSi₂O₆）。本方法用于极少量实际文物的分析并取得了可靠的分析结果，可为分析类似文物样品提供借鉴，也可指导采样工作者采集所需的最小量样品，更大程度地避免文物的"保护性破坏"。

关键词:

English

Analysis of Pigment Composition of Painted Cultural Relics Based on Very Small Amount of Sampling

¹School of Cultural Heritage, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China;
²Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China;
³Yulin Archaeological Exploration Team, Yulin 719054, China;
⁴Mizhi Museum, Yulin 718199, China

Corresponding author: SUN Feng, sunfeng@nwu.edu.cn

Received Date: 17 August 2020
Revised Date: 06 January 2022
Fund Project:
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No 22101226) and the Social Science Department of the Ministry of Education, China (No.18YJCZH154).

Abstract: With the increasing emphasis for the pretection of cultural relics, non-destructive or micro-destructive analysis of cultural relics samples is increasingly advocated. At the same time, due to the complexity of cultural relics samples, more stringent and demanding requirements are put forward for the analysis techniques. The pigment analysis and research of painted cultural relics play a pivotal role in the extraction of its cultural relic information, and in the study and elaboration of ancient human history, society, and culture. In this study, a methods for pigment analysis of cultural relics with a very small amount of sampling was proposed, which was applied to the analysis and identification of colored pigments on the surfaces of a painted pottery francium and a painted pottery retort excavated from the Wolhoo Bay Tomb in Yulin. This study used a variety of technical methods such as ultra-depth of field three-dimensional video microscopy system (OM), scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrum (SEM-EDS), micro X-ray diffraction (μ-XRD) and micro laser Raman spectroscopy (MLRM), etc. The comprehensive results showed that the white pigment was bone white (Ca₁₀[PO₄]₆[OH]₂), the red pigment was cinnabar (HgS), and the green pigment was a mixture of malachite (Cu₂[OH]₂CO₃) and gypsum (CaSO₄). The purple pigment was Chinese purple (BaCuSi₂O₆). The method was applied to the analysis of painted cultural relics with very small amount of sampling and reliable analytical results were obtained. This study provided a reference for the analysis of similar heritage samples, and also guided the sampling workers to collect the minimum amount of samples to avoid the "protective damage" to a greater extent.

Key words:

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1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

基于极少量采样的彩绘文物颜料成分分析

通讯作者: 孙凤,E-mail:sunfeng@nwu.edu.cn

English

Analysis of Pigment Composition of Painted Cultural Relics Based on Very Small Amount of Sampling

Corresponding author: SUN Feng, sunfeng@nwu.edu.cn

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

中国化学会秘书处

基于极少量采样的彩绘文物颜料成分分析

通讯作者: 孙凤,E-mail:sunfeng@nwu.edu.cn

English

Analysis of Pigment Composition of Painted Cultural Relics Based on Very Small Amount of Sampling

Corresponding author: SUN Feng, sunfeng@nwu.edu.cn

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

CCS Chemistry：颜徐州、鲍哲南： 你的皮肤可能是一片SPMs

CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

CCS Chemistry：静电组装导向聚合- 聚电解质纳米凝胶量化制备新策略

CCS Chemistry：金黄色葡萄球菌醛基脱氢酶是如何识别特异性底物的？

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