基于微流控芯片的核酸适配体筛选技术研究进展

引用本文: 姜浩, 吕雪飞, 赵可心. 基于微流控芯片的核酸适配体筛选技术研究进展[J]. 分析化学, 2020, 48(5): 590-600,684. doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.191775 shu

Citation: JIANG Hao, LYU Xue-Fei, ZHAO Ke-Xin. Progress of Aptamer Screening Techniques Based on Microfluidic Chips[J]. Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2020, 48(5): 590-600,684. doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.191775 shu

基于微流控芯片的核酸适配体筛选技术研究进展

北京理工大学生命学院, 北京 100081

摘要: 适配体（Aptamer）是通过指数富集的配体系统进化技术（SELEX）筛选得到的，可与靶标分子以高亲和力特异性结合的单链DNA或RNA，在生物分离分析、临床诊断和疾病靶向治疗等领域应用广泛。适配体的发展与筛选技术的进步密切相关，以SELEX为基础，研究者开发了磁珠SELEX和毛细管电泳SELEX等多种适配体体外筛选技术，但这些方法存在筛选轮次多、筛选周期长和样品消耗量大、对小分子筛选效率低等缺点。微流控芯片具有体积小、高通量和易集成等特点，基于微流控芯片的SELEX技术在一定程度上可解决上述问题，实现适配体快速、高通量的体外筛选。本文在总结SELEX及其关键技术要点的基础上，重点评述了基于微流控和微阵列芯片SELEX技术的研究进展，并对SELEX技术中未来的发展方向进行了总结和展望。

关键词:

English

Progress of Aptamer Screening Techniques Based on Microfluidic Chips

School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Received Date: 31 December 2019
Revised Date: 23 March 2020

Abstract: Aptamer is a type of single-stranded DNA or RNA that can specifically bind with target molecules, and has been widely used in the fields of biological separation analysis, clinical diagnosis, and disease targeted therapy, and so on. The development of aptamers is closely related to the progress of screening techniques. Based on the Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), a variety of in vitro aptamer screening techniques such as magnetic beads SELEX and capillary electrophoresis SELEX have been developed to obtain specific and high-affinity aptamers for target molecules. However, these methods have many disadvantages such as multiple screening rounds, long screening cycles, and large sample consumption, or have difficult in screening small molecules. The microfluidic chip has the characteristics of small size, high throughput, and easy integration, which can solve the above-mentioned problems of SELEX to a certain extent, and realize the rapid and high-throughput screening of aptamers. Based on the summary of SELEX and their key points, this paper focuses on the research progress of SELEX techniques based on microfluidic and microarray chips, and finally, the aspects of SELEX needing to be strengthened are summarized and prospected.

Key words:

Aptamer
/ Screening
/ Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment
/ Microfluidic chip
/ Microarray chip
/ Review

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基于微流控芯片的核酸适配体筛选技术研究进展

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Progress of Aptamer Screening Techniques Based on Microfluidic Chips

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