文物中常用蛋白质类胶结材料的热裂解-气相色谱/质谱识别

引用本文: 王娜, 谷岸, 闵俊嵘, 李广华, 雷勇. 文物中常用蛋白质类胶结材料的热裂解-气相色谱/质谱识别[J]. 分析化学, 2020, 48(1): 90-96. doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.191355 shu

Citation: WANG Na, GU An, MIN Jun-Rong, LI Guang-Hua, LEI Yong. Identification of Protein Binding Media Used in Chinese Cultural Relics by Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry[J]. Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2020, 48(1): 90-96. doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.191355 shu

文物中常用蛋白质类胶结材料的热裂解-气相色谱/质谱识别

故宫博物院文保科技部, 北京 100009

摘要: 热裂解-气相色谱/质谱（Py-GC/MS）技术具有灵敏度高、适用范围广等特点，广泛应用于文物中天然有机材料的定性分析，但其在天然蛋白质材料种类识别方面尚缺乏系统研究。本研究以中国古代彩绘、建筑、家具等文化遗产中常用的猪血、动物胶、鸡蛋等蛋白质类胶结材料为研究对象，系统分析并总结各类材料Py-GC/MS特征识别组分。研究表明，猪血、动物胶、蛋清不含氮裂解产物中，部分组分可作为辨别这三类材料的特征组分，其含氮裂解产物主要可分为吡咯、腈、脯氨及吲哚类组分，不同材料中这四类组分相对含量分布特征差异明显，可以此实现猪血、动物胶、蛋清的辨别；此外，蛋黄的裂解产物主要是脂肪酸。通过所建立的方法及总结的数据，推断故宫旧藏填漆夔龙纹长方桌表层灰胎所用胶料含有猪血，而故宫养心殿西围房外檐沥粉贴金彩画所用沥粉中含有动物胶。本方法易于推广，适用于我国文物中各类蛋白质材料的快速、准确识别，对文物中其它有机材料的研究也具有借鉴意义。

关键词:

English

Identification of Protein Binding Media Used in Chinese Cultural Relics by Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

Department of Conservation Science, The Palace Museum, Beijing 100009, China
Received Date: 25 June 2019
Revised Date: 27 November 2019

Abstract: Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) has been more and more used in the qualitative investigation of organic materials in cultural relics, owing to its high sensitivity and wide range of application. However, there are few systematical studies on identifying species of different protein materials by Py-GC/MS. Therefore, porcine blood, animal glue and egg, which are all commonly used as binding media in ancient Chinese artworks and objects, such as polychrome, architecture and furniture, have been investigated in the present work by Py-GC/MS, and the characteristic components of each protein have been summarized. Based on the established Py-GC/MS procedure, it's found that some nitrogen-free pyrolysis products can be served as characteristic components for distinguishing porcine blood, animal glue and egg white. Nitrogen-contained pyrolysis products of porcine blood, animal glue and egg white can be mainly divided into pyrroles, nitriles, prolines and indoles, and the relative content of the four classes of products in different protein is distinctly different, so it can also be served as feature information for distinguishing porcine blood, animal glue and egg white. In addition, pyrolysis products of egg yolk are mainly fatty acids. The established Py-GC/MS procedure and summarized data were successfully applied to the identification of protein binding medium in two historical samples of Qin Dynasty, which were collected from the mortar of Polychrome Lacquered Table with "Kui Long" Pattern and the ground layer of gilding painting on the eaves of West Wei-Fang of Hall of Mental Cultivation respectively. Research results of the present work are easy to spread, and it's not only suitable for the rapid and accurate identification of different proteins in cultural relics, but also has reference significance in the research of other organic materials used in cultural relics.

Key words:

Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
/ Binding medium in cultural relics
/ Protein
/ Porcine blood
/ Animal glue
/ Egg

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

文物中常用蛋白质类胶结材料的热裂解-气相色谱/质谱识别

English

Identification of Protein Binding Media Used in Chinese Cultural Relics by Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

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中国化学会秘书处

文物中常用蛋白质类胶结材料的热裂解-气相色谱/质谱识别

English

Identification of Protein Binding Media Used in Chinese Cultural Relics by Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

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CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

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CCS Chemistry：金黄色葡萄球菌醛基脱氢酶是如何识别特异性底物的？

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