Citation: Shengyuan Zhong, Jing Zhong, Yuyao Zhou, Lifeng Ruan, Weitai Wu, Bin Ren. 胶体粒子粒径测量的改进实验[J]. University Chemistry, ;2026, 41(5): 1-13. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202511149 shu

胶体粒子粒径测量的改进实验

National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Xiamen University), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, China.

Corresponding author: Weitai Wu, Bin Ren,
Received Date: 20 November 2025
Revised Date: 25 February 2026

在大学物理化学实验中，胶体粒子粒径测量实验是胶体化学的经典实验项目。实验常用商品化粒度仪，测量时常存在数据结果波动的现象，而且其测量过程与数据处理过程常处于“黑箱”状态，使得学生难以判断波动是源自仪器噪声还是操作问题，更无法理解单一固定角度测量结果易受到多种因素影响，无法即时分析问题和解决问题。针对这一现状，本改进实验通过设计构建一种开放式的粒径测量仪器，并将仪器搭建融入教学，帮助学生理解如何在硬件上获得原始信号、如何提高测量精度；自主编写了配套的教学软件，将抽象知识具象化，引导学生理解粒径计算全流程。通过构建“软硬件协同”的实验教学模式，让学生能够进行“从原始光信号的获取到最终粒径结果的计算”全过程实践，既消除其对测量结果波动来源的疑虑，也帮助其提升对测量原理和数据可靠性的认识。
- Colloidal particle size,
- Custom-built apparatus,
- Hardware-software integrated teaching
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