Citation: Guangyue He, Hanxiao Liu, Chi Zhang, Yunsheng Li, Guanfeng Ji, Dawei Fan. “蟹”逅荧光特工队：废壳“逮捕”微塑料[J]. University Chemistry, ;2026, 41(5): 398-411. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202511058 shu

“蟹”逅荧光特工队：废壳“逮捕”微塑料

Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong Province, China

Corresponding author: Guanfeng Ji, Dawei Fan,
Received Date: 10 November 2025
Revised Date: 26 February 2026

本文聚焦微塑料这一环境隐患，先借助显微镜观察一次性纸杯遇热水释放塑料颗粒现象，直观揭示微塑料的环境风险。随后以厨余废弃物蟹壳为核心原料，经实验优化后开展居家“应用式”实验，采用“一蟹两用”策略：一是通过酸碱处理制备多孔蟹壳，实现微塑料中纳米塑料吸附；二是通过高温碳化制备碳量子点，实现纳米塑料浓度检测。“吸附处理+检测”的实验进阶，可将微塑料科普从“现象认知”推向“性质探究+治理实践”，进而深化科普内涵。此外，居家实验废液可回收为植物营养液，凸显“绿色无污染”理念。本实验以热水倒纸杯的日常经历为起点，将“隐形”的微塑料“现形”，打破公众认知壁垒。蟹壳两用实验针对老化后的微塑料性质进行探究，增强科普互动感的同时具有创新思维启发的精神内涵。通过梯度科普，深度激发公众环保意识，助力“减塑护环”的科学传播和责任践行。
- Microplastics,
- Microscope,
- Crab shell utilization,
- Home experiment,
- Gradient science popularization
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