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Citation: Shichen Xu, Tongliang Lü, Wei Wei, Yanqing Xu, Hui Li. 原子模型的松紧规律及其应用[J]. University Chemistry, ;2026, 41(9): 412-420. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202509036 shu

原子模型的松紧规律及其应用

Shichen Xu ¹ ,
Tongliang Lü ² ,
Wei Wei ³ ,
Yanqing Xu ^1,, ,
Hui Li ¹

1.
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
2.
Xuteli School, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
3.
Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100048, China

Corresponding author: Yanqing Xu, xyq@bit.edu.cn
Received Date: 9 September 2025
Revised Date: 6 November 2025

基于量子力学基本原理，本文系统阐述了原子模型松紧规律的理论框架及其在解释周期反常现象中的独特价值。通过改进的Slater规则计算屏蔽常数，解释了电子层交替呈现“紧-松-紧-松”状态的内在机制。通过分析铜分族元素性质差异、p区含氧酸氧化性反常等典型案例，展示了松紧规律的解释力；并且采用比较分析法，系统考察了主族和过渡族元素的多项物理化学参数，验证了松紧规律的普适性。
- Alternation rule of looseness and tightness,
- Effective nuclear charge,
- Shielding effect,
- Slater rule,
- Second periodicity
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