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Citation: Ziyue Zhou, Ruoxuan Wang, Qun Wang, Yang Li, Xinzhi Wang, Songtao Lu, Xiaohong Wu. 尿素在小水滴上也能自发形成——宏观和微观化学平衡辨析[J]. University Chemistry, ;2026, 41(9): 449-456. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202509025 shu

尿素在小水滴上也能自发形成——宏观和微观化学平衡辨析

Ziyue Zhou ¹ ,
Ruoxuan Wang ² ,
Qun Wang ^1,, ,
Yang Li ¹ ,
Xinzhi Wang ¹ ,
Songtao Lu ¹ ,
Xiaohong Wu ¹

1.
Department of Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China;
2.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang Province, China

Corresponding author: Qun Wang, wangqun5992@hit.edu.cn
Received Date: 7 September 2025
Revised Date: 17 November 2025

化学平衡是化学学科的重要主题，是“变化观念与平衡思想”培育的主要载体。物理化学教学中，化学平衡体系是宏观可逆热力学体系，不涉及微观问题，由此学生难以从微观层面理解化学平衡状态的特征(动态性，可逆性)。“宏观辨识与微观探析”素养是从学科观念和思维方式视角对化学科学思维的描述，是化学学科核心素养的重要方面。教师尝试选取最新前沿性关联内容教学，以化学史上里程碑式的事件“人造尿素合成”的文献案例呈现物理化学中化学平衡的前沿进展，强调内容综合性与知识迁移应用，从微观视角深入理解化学平衡相关知识，引导学生基于科学研究的视角进行学科理解，体会多学科知识对生产生活的指导作用，促进知识向科学素养的转化。
- Chemical equilibrium,
- Physical chemistry,
- Teaching philosophy,
- Macro-micro perspective
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