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Citation: Xiangzhen Meng, Chuan Li, Dong Cheng, Changwu Cai, Xinyun Wang. 热力学第一定律和热力学第二定律的综合计算[J]. University Chemistry, ;2026, 41(8): 443-452. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202508019 shu

热力学第一定律和热力学第二定律的综合计算

School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Chaohu University, Hefei 238000, Anhui Province, China

Corresponding author: Xiangzhen Meng, mxzcd79@163.com
Received Date: 5 August 2025
Accepted Date: 30 September 2025

在教学中发现，热力学第一定律和热力学第二定律的综合计算给学生带来困难，本文从过程类型和过程可逆性两方面破解难题。根据始终状态差异判断是简单变化过程、相变过程还是化学变化过程。根据等温过程、等压过程、等容过程、绝热过程等，推导W、Q、△U、△H、△S、△A、△G的计算公式。相同始终态可逆过程和不可逆过程W、Q不同，△U、△H、△S、△A、△G相同。希望文中介绍的解题思路和解题方法能给学生带来帮助。
- Laws of thermodynamics,
- Process classification,
- Reversible process,
- Comprehensive calculation
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