Citation: Wenwen Zhang, Peichao Zhang, Conghao Gai, Xiaoyun Chai, Yan Zou, Qingjie Zhao. Unveiling Kinetics at Natural Abundance: ¹³C NMR Isotope Effect Experiments[J]. University Chemistry, ;2025, 40(10): 203-207. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202411076 shu

Unveiling Kinetics at Natural Abundance: ¹³C NMR Isotope Effect Experiments

National Demonstration Center for Experimental Military Pharmacy Education, Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China

Received Date: 21 November 2024
Revised Date: 3 April 2025

In chemical reaction kinetics studies, kinetic isotope effects (KIE) provide critical information for understanding reaction pathways and mechanisms. While hydrogen/deuterium isotope effects have been extensively studied, increasing attention is being paid to isotope effects involving carbon and other heavier atoms. A significant breakthrough occurred in 1995 when Singleton developed a high-precision NMR-based method for measuring ¹²C/¹³C KIE values. This innovative approach eliminates the need for expensive and complex isotope labeling procedures. By utilizing samples with natural ¹³C abundance and high-resolution NMR spectroscopy, the method enables direct measurement of ¹²C/¹³C KIE values with remarkable precision. This article comprehensively describes the theoretical foundations, experimental protocols, and practical applications of this method, emphasizing its importance and advantages in mechanistic and kinetic studies of chemical reactions.
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Unveiling Kinetics at Natural Abundance: ¹³C NMR Isotope Effect Experiments