Citation: ZHANG Xiaozheng, ZHANG Tianshu, CUI Fengchao, LI Yunqi, PENG Yinghua, WANG Xiaohui. Toll-like Receptor 4 Small Molecule Modulators[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, ;2016, 33(8): 876-886. doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2016.08.160206 shu

Toll-like Receptor 4 Small Molecule Modulators

1.
a Chemical Biology Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China;
2.
b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China;
3.
c State Key Laboratory of New Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China;
4.
d Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China;
5.
e Key Laboratory of Special Animal Molecular Biology of Jilin Province, Specialty Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130022, China

Corresponding author: WANG Xiaohui,
Received Date: 18 May 2016
Available Online: 6 June 2016
Fund Project:

Toll-like receptors(TLRs) are evolutionarily conserved innate immunity receptor proteins that detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs), danger-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs) and xenobiotic-associated molecular patterns(XAMPs), triggering inflammatory responses. TLR4 is the main receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and the accessory protein myeloid differentiation factor 2(MD-2) is responsible for ligand recognition. LPS binding induces(TLR4-MD-2-LPS)2 and TLR4/MD-2 complex dimeriztion, which activates TLR4 signaling and produce pro-inflammatory factors. The dysregulation of innate immune TLR4 signaling contributes to numerous pathological diseases. Therefore, TLR4/MD-2 is emerging as an important drug discovery target. In this review, we summarize the up-to-date discovery of TLR4 small molecule modulators and provide insights into future drug discovery, which will be interesting to colleagues major in chemical biology, medicinal chemistry, signal transduction and translational medicine.
- Toll-like receptor 4,
- myeloid differentiation factor 2,
- drug discovery,
- agonist,
- antagonist,
- innate immune
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