Citation: DING Bo, WANG Zhi-Yuan, CHEN Wen-Rui, XIE Jian-Jun, SHE Zhi-Gang. Identification of Natural Caffeine Source in Coffee Drinks by Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry[J]. Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, ;2018, 46(11): 1802-1807. doi: 10.11895/j.issn.0253-3820.171101 shu

Identification of Natural Caffeine Source in Coffee Drinks by Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry

DING Bo ^1,2,3, ,
WANG Zhi-Yuan ^1,2 ,
CHEN Wen-Rui ^1,2 ,
XIE Jian-Jun ^1,2 ,
SHE Zhi-Gang ³

¹ Guangdong Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center, Guangzhou 510623, China;
² Guangdong Key Laboratory of Import and Export technical Measures of Animal, Plant and Food, Guangzhou 510623, China;
³ School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China

Received Date: 17 July 2017
Revised Date: 22 September 2018

Fund Project: This work was supported by the Science & Technology Plan Project of Guangdong Province of China (No. 2016A040403091) and the Guangdong Key Laboratory of Import and Export Technical Measures of Animal, Plant and Food Project of Science & Technology Planning (No. 2017A09).

Coffee and coffee drinks are products preferred by a number of consumers in their daily life. However, it is lack of viable methods for identification of natural coffee source. A new method of liquid chromatography coupled to isotope ratio mass spectrometry (LC-IRMS) was developed for determination of caffeine δ¹³C value for discrimination of natural and synthetic caffeine source in the coffee drinks. Caffeine in samples was separated by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with An XBridge Shild PR C₁₈ (2.1 mm×50 mm, 3.5 μm). The column temperature was 50℃ and the water flow rate was 400 μL/min. Target analytes were converted to CO₂ in the oxidation reactor of the LC-IsoLink interface. Finally the caffeine δ¹³C value was directly detected with a Delta V Advantage isotope ratio mass spectrometer. On the basis of the carbon isotope analysis of 44 coffee soybean samples by LC-IRMS, it was concluded that there was one distinguishable group of δ¹³C-values:-25.3‰ to -30.9‰ in natural coffee soybean. The average of δ¹³C-values (δ_average) was -27.9 ‰, and the standard deviation (s) was 1.3‰. The samples were discriminated for unnatural coffee soybean source, when the caffeine δ¹³C-value was less than or approached δ_average-3s (-31.7‰). This method was applied to identify the caffeine source in 16 kinds of coffee drinks, in which one sample was discriminated to have unnatural coffee soybean source.
- Liquid chromatography coupled to isotope ratio mass spectrometry,
- Coffee drinks,
- Caffeine
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