典型高分子纤维发展回顾与未来展望

引用本文: 俞森龙, 相恒学, 周家良, 邱天, 胡泽旭, 朱美芳. 典型高分子纤维发展回顾与未来展望[J]. 高分子学报, 2020, 51(1): 39-54. doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.19148 shu

Citation: Sen-long Yu, Heng-xue Xiang, Jia-liang Zhou, Tian Qiu, Ze-xu Hu, Mei-fang Zhu. Typical Polymer Fiber Materials: An Overview and Outlook[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2020, 51(1): 39-54. doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.19148 shu

典型高分子纤维发展回顾与未来展望

东华大学材料科学与工程学院纤维材料改性国家重点实验室　上海 201620

作者简介:

朱美芳，女，1965年生. 1986年、1989年分别获中国纺织大学化纤系学士和硕士学位，1999年获东华大学材料学博士学位. 教育部长江学者特聘教授(2013年). 现任东华大学材料科学与工程学院院长、纤维材料改性国家重点实验室主任. 主要研究方向为杂化功能纤维材料成形方法与基础理论、纳米复合水凝胶材料等. 已主持国家杰出青年基金、国家“863”计划、国家重点研发计划、国家自然科学基金重点项目等30余项. 发表SCI收录论文300余篇，授权中国发明专利100余件. 获国家科技进步二等奖、上海市自然科学一等奖等科技/教育奖励10余项. 曾获中国青年科技奖、国家有突出贡献中青年专家、何梁何利科学与技术青年创新奖、中国青年女科学家奖等称号;

通讯作者: E-mail: zhumf@dhu.edu.cn

摘要: 高分子纤维作为发展国民经济的基础材料、国防军工的战略材料、新兴产业的前沿材料，其产品内涵与应用领域正在不断拓展. 本文首先简要介绍了国内外高分子纤维材料的发展简史，其依次经历了天然纤维、人造纤维、合成纤维(差别化、功能化、高性能等纤维)等发展阶段. 其次，结合本课题组相关工作重点阐述了通用型聚酯纤维、高性能聚苯硫醚纤维以及生物质聚乳酸纤维等典型高分子纤维材料的研究进展，包括发展历程、制备方法、性能优化、应用领域等内容. 最后，展望了高分子纤维材料的发展趋势，我们认为基于材料、信息、生物、机械等学科交叉融合与技术突破，具有多材料、多结构、多功能的绿色、超性能、智能纤维材料将成为未来发展方向.

关键词:

English

Typical Polymer Fiber Materials: An Overview and Outlook

State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620

Corresponding author: Mei-fang Zhu, E-mail: zhumf@dhu.edu.cn

Received Date: 04 August 2019
Revised Date: 07 October 2019
Available Online: 01 January 2020

Abstract: High molecular material (or abbreviated as polymer) is the substantial foundation of human survival and development, which is regarded as the important symbol of social civilization. Polymer materials usually can be divided into plastic, fiber and rubber according to the application fields and molecular weight. Among them, polymer fibers are defined as the thin strip shaped materials with the length-diameter ratio larger than 1000 (usually a nanoscale or micron-scale diameter) and certain tensile strength and toughness. With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, the application fields of polymer fibers are gradually expanded from traditional home textile and clothing to advanced fields such as aerospace, biomedicine, environment, energy and so on. Therefore, the product connotations and applications of polymer fiber materials are expanding continually, which are the basic materials of national economy, the strategic materials of national defence, the frontier materials of emerging industries. In this work, we briefly introduced the development history of polymer fiber materials firstly, which have experienced the natural fiber, artificial fiber, synthetic fiber, functional fiber and high-performance fiber stages in turn. Then, the present situation of several representative polymer fiber materials (such as common fiber-poly(ethylene terephthalate) fiber, high performance fiber-poly(phenylene sulphide) fiber, biomass fiber-poly(lactic acid) fiber) were introduced systematically based on our group’s research work, including the development history, fabrication methods, chemical and physical structures and properties, modification technologies and application fields. In the end, we put forward the future prospect of polymer fiber materials combined with the social development demand. Based on the interdisciplinary integration and technological breakthroughs of materials, information, biology, machinery and other disciplines, the polymer fiber material (called Next Generation Fiber) with multiple components, multiple structures and multiple functions will become future development trend, which are characterized by green, super performance and intelligence.

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

典型高分子纤维发展回顾与未来展望

通讯作者: E-mail: zhumf@dhu.edu.cn

English

Typical Polymer Fiber Materials: An Overview and Outlook

Corresponding author: Mei-fang Zhu, E-mail: zhumf@dhu.edu.cn

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

CCS Chemistry：颜徐州、鲍哲南：你的皮肤可能是一片SPMs

CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

CCS Chemistry：静电组装导向聚合- 聚电解质纳米凝胶量化制备新策略

CCS Chemistry：金黄色葡萄球菌醛基脱氢酶是如何识别特异性底物的？

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

中国化学会秘书处

典型高分子纤维发展回顾与未来展望

通讯作者: E-mail: zhumf@dhu.edu.cn

English

Typical Polymer Fiber Materials: An Overview and Outlook

Corresponding author: Mei-fang Zhu, E-mail: zhumf@dhu.edu.cn

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

CCS Chemistry：颜徐州、鲍哲南： 你的皮肤可能是一片SPMs

CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

CCS Chemistry：静电组装导向聚合- 聚电解质纳米凝胶量化制备新策略

CCS Chemistry：金黄色葡萄球菌醛基脱氢酶是如何识别特异性底物的？

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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