Citation: Bin Ding. Functional Polymeric Micro/Nano-fibrous Materials[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, ;2019, 50(8): 764-774. doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2019.19069 shu

Functional Polymeric Micro/Nano-fibrous Materials

Bin Ding ^,

Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051

Corresponding author: Bin Ding, binding@dhu.edu.cn
Received Date: 9 April 2019
Revised Date: 21 May 2019
Available Online: 12 June 2019

Benefiting from intensive size effect and surface effect arising from thin fibers, micro/nano-fibrous membranes exhibit many fascinating properties and have become a hot spot and leading edge in the fiber materials. Among the existing processing approaches for micro/nano-fibers, electrospinning has proven to be one of the most effective and promising method due to its integrated characteristics, including broad availability to varieties of polymers, adjustable porous structure, and superior technological convergence. In recent years, our research group have endeavored systematic researches on the controllable fabrication and applications of electrospun micro/nano-fibrous materials, especially in the terms of ultra-thin nanonets, compactly bonded membranes and porous fibrous aerogels. This review mainly puts focus on the formation mechanisms and applications of these distinctive micro/nano-fibrous materials, which are summarized as follows. Firstly, the two-dimensional nanonets with extremely small diameters (< 20 nm) are fabricated by a novel electrospinning/netting technique, and the deformation-phase transition of the charged jets/droplets from polymer solution during the period is also revealed, which have broken the bottleneck of the thinning on diameter of electrospun fibers. And the novel nanonets demonstrate lower air resistance due to the slip flow of air molecules on the periphery of nanofibers, holding great promise as an exceptional candidate for air filtration. Secondly, compactly bonded membranes with stable porous structures are constructed directly through the regulation of the relative humidity, and the effects of relative humidity on electrospinning jet stretching and solidification are investigated. Additionally, hydrophobicly modified compactly bonded membranes demonstrate excellent waterproofness and breathability, thus implying their potential application in selective separation of gas-liquid medium. Thirdly, the ultralight polymeric micro/nano-fibrous aerogels with hierarchical cellular structure and superelasticity are prepared via a novel three-dimensional fibrous framework reconstruction method, which exhibit the integrated properties of extremely low density (minimum of 0.12 mg/cm³), super recyclable compressibility and multifunctionality of combining the thermal insulation, sound absorption, emulsion separation and elasticity-responsive electric conduction. The future perspectives of micro/nano-fibrous materials were also given at the end of this review.
- Micro/nano-fibers,
- Electrospinning,
- Nanonets,
- Compactly bonded membranes,
- Fibrous aerogels
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