采用一种简单的策略，以未去除模板剂的原粉介孔二氧化硅KIT-6(TOK)为载体，利用模板剂和二氧化硅壁之间的限阈空间来制备单原子催化剂(SACs)。通过固相研磨将含Mn前驱体引入TOK的固有限阈空间后，Mn SACs可在热处理过程中迅速生成。密度泛函理论计算和实验数据表明，Mn原子被载体上的Si—OH基团所锚定，并以Mn—O—Si的形式存在。将得到的Mn SACs应用于电催化析氧反应，实验结果显示，与在没有限阈空间载体中合成的对比样品相比，Mn SACs表现出更出色的催化性能。

A metal-organic framework/inorganic composite (ZIF-8@AMP) was synthesized by the in situ introduction of the active component ammonium phosphomolybdate (AMP) during the ambient solution-phase synthesis of the metal-organic framework (ZIF-8). The structure and properties of the composite were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Its adsorption performance for Rb⁺ and Cs⁺ in water was investigated. Results indicate that ZIF-8@AMP exhibited adsorption efficiencies of 93.5% and 95.6% for Rb⁺ and Cs⁺ within 30 min, with maximum adsorption capacities of 92.7 and 104.5 mg·g^-1, respectively. After five adsorption-desorption cycles, it maintained high adsorption capacity and achieved over 84.9% adsorption efficiency for Rb⁺ and Cs⁺ in actual brine samples. The adsorption of ZIF-8@AMP for Rb⁺ and Cs⁺ follows pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, indicating an endothermic, entropy-increasing, and spontaneous process. The adsorption mechanism involves electrostatic attraction and ion exchange between ZIF-8@AMP and Rb⁺ and Cs⁺.