以童话故事的形式，运用生动有趣的形象，通俗易懂的语言，由浅入深地引导人们透过植物性食品色彩丰富的外表以及常见的变色现象探寻其中蕴含的科学原理，从而帮助人们知其然更能知其所以然，加深对植物性食品中主要色素(叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、花青素)结构与性质(溶解性与稳定性)的认识，增强对酶促褐变的原理以及阻褐方法的了解，建立对着色剂等食品添加剂的正确观念。

本文以紫甘蓝蔬菜为原料，进行了pH、金属离子和各种食品添加剂等一系列稳定性分析，探索紫甘蓝色素的最佳存储和使用环境。研究表明，紫甘蓝色素对pH敏感，随着pH增大，色素保留率逐渐减小;不同金属离子对紫甘蓝色素的稳定性也有影响，Fe³⁺会破坏紫甘蓝色素的结构，降低稳定性，保留率仅为8.68%;而Ca²⁺能提高其稳定性。添加剂蔗糖也可提高其稳定性，其中20 g·L^-1的蔗糖水溶液可将保留率提升至119.48%;而食盐、苯甲酸钠和山梨酸钾均会降低其稳定性。

以1，1′-二甲基-4，4′-联吡啶(甲基紫精，MV)二氯化物和Keggin型多酸单元合成的晶态材料(MV)₂[HPW^Ⅴ₂W^Ⅵ₁₀O₄₀]·2H₂O为催化剂，在无有机溶剂、室温条件下合成了一系列β-氨基醇类化合物。该催化剂不仅能够高效催化β-氨基醇的合成，而且具有良好的稳定性及可回收性。经过6次循环使用后，催化剂活性未出现明显下降，表明其具有较好的循环利用潜力。与传统方法相比，该反应体系不使用有机溶剂并具有反应条件温和、操作简单、环境友好等优点。

Two new viologen-polyoxometalate hybrid crystalline materials: (MV)₂[HPW₂^ⅤW₁₀^ⅥO₄₀] ·2H₂O (1) and (EV)₂[Mo₈O₂₆] (2) have been synthesized by using the cations of 1, 1'-dimethyl-4, 4'-bipyridinium dichloride (methyl viologen, MV) and 1, 1'-diethyl-4, 4'-bipyridinium dibromide (ethyl viologen, EV) as the electron acceptors, and the electron-rich polyoxometalate anions as the electron donors. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 have been determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Hydrogen bond interactions exist between the cations and the anions in 1 and 2. Interestingly, 2 has a photochromic performance with a light response time within 1 min. The photochromic mechanism of compound 2 has been investigated by solid-state diffuse reflection, electron paramagnetic resonance and theoretical calculation. 1 and 2 show good catalytic performance in the photocatalytic degradation of several organic dyes (methylene blue, pararosaniline hydrochloride and rhodamine 6G).

Under the condition of solvothermal synthesis, the viologen ligand 1, 1′‐bis(3‐carboxyphenyl)‐(4, 4′‐bipyri‐ dine) dichloride (H₂bcbpy·2Cl) and KI are coordinated with the metal cadmium ions. A case of thermochromic coor‐ dination polymer [Cd(bcbpy)I₂] ·2H₂O (1) was constructed. Complex 1 displays a 1D chain structure and exhibits thermochromic behavior. Under different temperature stimulation, the complex (ground) slowly changed from green to yellow‐green, and with the increase of temperature, the color of complex 1 gradually deepened, and finally became orange‐yellow. Therefore, complex 1 was prepared as a thermochromic film. In addition, we also performed electrochemical tests on complex 1, which showed that the complex is a semiconductor material.

A novel viologen-based photochromic coordination polymer, namely [Zn(CV)_0.5(BDC)(H₂O)]·2H₂O (1), has been successfully constructed via solvothermal self-assembly of Zn²⁺ ions with the 1, 1′-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-4, 4′-bipyridinium ((H₂CV)²⁺) as a photo-responsive functional unit and terephthalic acid (H₂BDC) as an auxiliary bridging ligand. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that complex 1 features a 1D chain-like framework. Upon light irradiation, complex 1 exhibited a distinct photo-responsive color-changing behavior, transforming from colorless to blue. The blue-colored sample gradually faded and reverted to its original colorless state upon being placed in a dark environment at room temperature, demonstrating excellent reversible photochromic properties. On the basis of its photochromic performance, the application of this complex in ink-free printing has been explored. Furthermore, complex 1 emitted blue light under UV irradiation in a dark environment, revealing favorable photoluminescent characteristics. In addition, complex 1 possessed multiple photoswitchable properties.

本文在数智教育背景下，以水体硬度测定为例，融合机器学习与大数据技术，构建分析化学实验数字化教学辅助系统。通过采集滴定图像，结合颜色直方图与SVM模型判定滴定进程，实现结果自动分析与评价及个性化学习反馈。该研究将传统实验与数字技术相结合，培养学生数据分析、跨学科思维与实践能力，为高校化学实验教学数字化提供了新方法。