采用原位聚合法制备了氯氧化铋(BiOCl)与聚苯胺(PANI)复合的Ⅱ型异质结光催化剂BiOCl/PANI，并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和N2吸附-脱附测试等多种技术手段对其进行了表征，考察了BiOCl/PANI在模拟可见光下对罗丹明B (RhB)的光催化降解性能。实验结果表明：BiOCl/PANI催化剂比PANI和BiOCl具有更高的光催化活性，在RhB质量浓度为50 mg·L^-1、PANI与BiOCl的物质的量之比为0.02∶1、50 mg·L^-1的催化剂条件下，所制备的BiOCl/PANI光催化150 min后，RhB降解率为98.8%，速率常数为0.031 min^-1；经过4次循环实验后，RhB降解率从98.8%降低至98.4%，表现出良好的稳定性和可重复利用性。光催化剂BiOCl/PANI实现了电子和空穴对的快速分离，降低了二者在催化剂内部的复合速率，提高了光催化性能。

仪器分析实验“分子荧光法测定罗丹明B的含量”存在实验过于简单、未考虑实际情况等问题。因此，本改进实验在三维荧光扫描模式下获取样本数据，不进行复杂预处理，而是运用化学计量学算法解析出目标分析物的纯信号，进而实现了染色辣椒中罗丹明6G和123的同时测定。本改进实验提高了学生全面考虑问题和创新解决问题的能力。

A simple two-step hydrothermal method synthesized four different CdS/Fe₃O₄ photocatalysts with varying ratios of mass of CdS to Fe₃O₄. The composition and morphology of the prepared samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Solid UV reflectance spectra testing found that CdS/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites had good light absorption throughout the spectral range, promoting their photocatalytic properties. Under visible light irradiation, CdS/Fe₃O₄ (2:5) with a mass ratio of 2:5 exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance, with a degradation rate of 98.8% for rhodamine B. Furthermore, after five cycles of photocatalytic degradation reaction, the rhodamine B degradation rate remained at 96.2%, indicating that the photocatalysts have good photocatalytic stability.

A flower-like BiOBr photocatalyst (CS/BiOBr) was prepared by using the carbon material derived from corn straw (CS) as the carrier. The prepared composites were characterized by X - ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FIIR) spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X - ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS). The SEM analyses indicate that the introduction of CS promotes the formation of a unique flower-like structure in BiOBr, which not only optimizes the efficiency of light capture but also increases the specific surface area of BiOBr. The bandgap of the composite was narrower compared with the pure BiOBr. The CS/BiOBr composites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than pure CS and BiOBr under visible light irradiation, and a higher first-order reaction rate constant (k) of 0.043 7 min^-1 than BiOBr (0.014 6 min^-1), and exhibited excellent stability and reusability during the cyclic run. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the efficient separation of photoinduced electrons and holes. Superoxide radicals and holes were the major active species.

Bi₂O₃@BiVO₄ composites were synthesized using the solvothermal method with ethylene glycol as the solvent. Bi₂O₃ was grown on the surface of BiVO₄ by regulating the reaction temperature. The adsorption performance of the composite for rhodamine B (RhB) was investigated. The results indicate that the reaction temperature significantly impacts the morphology and adsorption performance of Bi₂O₃@BiVO₄. The Bi₂O₃@BiVO₄ composite prepared at 180 ℃ (180-BO@BVO) consisted of nanoparticles with an average size of 7 nm, featuring a higher concentration of oxygen vacancies on the surface, but with a lower specific surface area (only 1.2 m²·g^-1). 180-BO@BVO, with oxygen species adsorbed at surface oxygen vacancies carrying a negative charge, achieved an impressive RhB removal efficiency of up to 83.0% through electrostatic interaction with RhB. The adsorption process follows the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, suggesting that it is predominantly governed by chemical adsorption. After five cycles of adsorption experiments, the removal efficiency of RhB by composites remained basically unchanged (more than 80%), demonstrating excellent regeneration performance.

本文介绍了一种污水处理方法——光催化-非均相芬顿耦合技术，引导学生以光芬顿降解罗丹明B作为研究对象。采用原位离子交换反应制备硫化FeOCl (FeS/FeOCl)异质结催化剂，表征其结构、形貌和光学性质，并探究其光芬顿降解罗丹明B的性能。该实验易于操作，现象明显，有助于提高本科生的实验操作技能，培养科研能力，并增强环保意识。

随着高等教育事业的不断发展和国家对人才培养、科技强国的大力投入，高校实验室废弃物安全管理和规范处置已成为关乎绿色平安校园建设和人类社会可持续发展的重要保障。本文归纳了化学实验室废弃物的类别与特点，从涉及范围广、人员流动大、废弃物杂繁多、安全环保意识不足和管理不够健全五个方面分析了目前废弃物管理和处置中的问题所在，结合学校、学院与当地企业的实际情况探索出一套集结安全环保教育、教学科研实验规划、制度细则完善落实、信息化高效支撑于一体的闭环式管理与处置实践模式，以期为实验室废弃物处理提供参考。

高校实验室是开展实验教学、科学研究和实践育人的重要基地，承载着人才培养和科技强国的重任。由于实验环境存在复杂性、特殊性和高危性等，尤其是危险化学品的使用，已成为实验安全事故的高发诱因和重大隐患，是目前高校实验室安全建设和管理工作的核心。本文结合学校和学院实际情况，基于产教融合，围绕高校危险化学品的安全管理与应用实践，立足于实验安全类专业应用型人才培养，从构筑危化品安全管理系统、优化危化品安全防范机制和探寻产教融合人才培养路径三个方面进行了探讨，分享了一套集安全教育、责任体系、信息化资源库与管理平台、存储使用，以及应急方案于一体的危化品管理与安全保障实践策略。同时，通过与企业进行校企联合与实训合作，形成了能够有效提高学生社会实践服务能力和促进专业应用型人才培养的教育路径，以期为高校实验室危化品安全管理和实验安全类创新型人才培养改革提供参考。

水系锌碘电池凭借锌、碘储量丰富、价格低廉、电池体系本征安全及较高的理论能量密度等优点，成为储能领域的研究热点。然而，其正负极在常用电解液(如ZnSO₄、Zn(CF₃SO₃)₂、ZnCl₂等)体系中面临着一系列尚未解决的问题，如正极的多碘离子穿梭效应、活性碘的溶解，负极的锌枝晶、锌腐蚀及副反应等，这严重限制了水系锌碘电池的进一步发展。而向电解液中添加功能性添加剂有望同时缓解正负极的上述问题，且该操作简单，易于大规模工业化生产。因此，本文围绕水系锌碘电池电解液添加剂，系统阐述了水系锌碘电池在常用电解液体系中面临的关键挑战，综述了各类添加剂(大分子、有机添加剂、无机添加剂)的作用机理、功能、性质及其在水系锌碘电池中的性能表现。最后，对水系锌碘电池中电解液添加剂的未来发展方向进行了展望，以期为筛选和设计特定功能添加剂，实现高性能水系锌碘电池提供新思路。