Developing high-performance electrocatalysts for the alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) is essential for advancing alkaline hydrogen fuel cells. Here, we report the synthesis of ruthenium (Ru) catalysts with tuned crystallinity and oxidation degree. By combining template-assisted synthesis with controlled thermal treatment, amorphous, partially crystalline, highly crystalline, and partially oxidized Ru products were successfully obtained. Catalysts with moderate crystallinity and partial oxidation exhibit enhanced catalytic activity toward the alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction. The optimized Ru-RuO₂ catalyst achieved a mass activity of 81.66 mA·mg_Ru^-1, which was 2.27 times that of commercial Pt/C under identical conditions. The improved activity is attributed to the synergistic effect of moderate crystallinity and partial oxidation, which favors a favorable Tafel-Volmer reaction pathway.