采用原位聚合法制备了氯氧化铋(BiOCl)与聚苯胺(PANI)复合的Ⅱ型异质结光催化剂BiOCl/PANI，并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和N2吸附-脱附测试等多种技术手段对其进行了表征，考察了BiOCl/PANI在模拟可见光下对罗丹明B (RhB)的光催化降解性能。实验结果表明：BiOCl/PANI催化剂比PANI和BiOCl具有更高的光催化活性，在RhB质量浓度为50 mg·L^-1、PANI与BiOCl的物质的量之比为0.02∶1、50 mg·L^-1的催化剂条件下，所制备的BiOCl/PANI光催化150 min后，RhB降解率为98.8%，速率常数为0.031 min^-1；经过4次循环实验后，RhB降解率从98.8%降低至98.4%，表现出良好的稳定性和可重复利用性。光催化剂BiOCl/PANI实现了电子和空穴对的快速分离，降低了二者在催化剂内部的复合速率，提高了光催化性能。

仪器分析实验“分子荧光法测定罗丹明B的含量”存在实验过于简单、未考虑实际情况等问题。因此，本改进实验在三维荧光扫描模式下获取样本数据，不进行复杂预处理，而是运用化学计量学算法解析出目标分析物的纯信号，进而实现了染色辣椒中罗丹明6G和123的同时测定。本改进实验提高了学生全面考虑问题和创新解决问题的能力。

A simple two-step hydrothermal method synthesized four different CdS/Fe₃O₄ photocatalysts with varying ratios of mass of CdS to Fe₃O₄. The composition and morphology of the prepared samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Solid UV reflectance spectra testing found that CdS/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites had good light absorption throughout the spectral range, promoting their photocatalytic properties. Under visible light irradiation, CdS/Fe₃O₄ (2:5) with a mass ratio of 2:5 exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance, with a degradation rate of 98.8% for rhodamine B. Furthermore, after five cycles of photocatalytic degradation reaction, the rhodamine B degradation rate remained at 96.2%, indicating that the photocatalysts have good photocatalytic stability.

A flower-like BiOBr photocatalyst (CS/BiOBr) was prepared by using the carbon material derived from corn straw (CS) as the carrier. The prepared composites were characterized by X - ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FIIR) spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X - ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS). The SEM analyses indicate that the introduction of CS promotes the formation of a unique flower-like structure in BiOBr, which not only optimizes the efficiency of light capture but also increases the specific surface area of BiOBr. The bandgap of the composite was narrower compared with the pure BiOBr. The CS/BiOBr composites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than pure CS and BiOBr under visible light irradiation, and a higher first-order reaction rate constant (k) of 0.043 7 min^-1 than BiOBr (0.014 6 min^-1), and exhibited excellent stability and reusability during the cyclic run. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the efficient separation of photoinduced electrons and holes. Superoxide radicals and holes were the major active species.

从数据驱动到化学符号的建立，是化学学科学习发展的核心过程。通过逻辑思维和模型建立相结合的方式是理解抽象化学符号的重要途径，也是衔接式化学教育的重要基石。本文以Transformer模型来模拟和演算阿伏伽德罗常数，以Scikit-learn内置模型来推导最概然分布，运用三重表征教学策略，探讨AI模型在化学衔接教育中的应用，特别是在理解阿伏伽德罗常数本质上是一个比例常数的基础上，将这一探索过程进一步延伸至玻尔兹曼常数、玻尔兹曼公式(熵的含义)，以及温度的定义及公式推演，帮助学生掌握并理解化学符号，深刻理会化学是一门研究聚集体的学科。

文物作为文化和自然遗产的一部分，对建设中国式现代化具有积极意义。其系统性保护涉及化学化工、材料科学、检测分析、历史考古、美术鉴赏等学科领域，其弘扬和传承与强调科学、技术、工程、艺术与数学等学科交叉融合的STEAM教育理念相一致。鉴于此，本文以出水陶瓷、出土青铜和再现壁绘为切入点，通过化学-历史-艺术融合教学的模式，让学生在文物系统性保护的实际过程中，先了解相关化学知识，串联传统文物系统性保护中蕴含的历史知识与艺术价值开展教学，提升学生对中华传统文物的了解和对中华文化的归属感，增强学生科技和文化自信，从而培养学生的综合素质和能力。