MoS₂/CuS composite catalysts were successfully synthesized using a one-step hydrothermal method with sodium molybdate dihydrate, thiourea, oxalic acid, and copper nitrate trihydrate as raw materials. The hydrogen production performance of MoS₂/CuS prepared with different molar ratios of Mo to Cu precursors (n_Mo∶n_Cu) as cathodic catalysts was investigated in the two-chamber microbial electrolytic cell (MEC). X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), linear scanning voltammetry (LSV), electrochemical impedance analysis (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were used to characterize the synthesized catalysts for testing and analyzing the hydrogen-producing performance. The results showed that the hydrogen evolution performance of MoS₂/CuS-20% (n_Mo∶n_Cu=5∶1) was better than that of platinum (Pt) mesh, and the hydrogen production rate of MoS₂/CuS-20% as a cathode in MEC was (0.203 1±0.023 7) m_H2³·m^-3·d^-1 for 72 h at an applied voltage of 0.8 V, which was slightly higher than that of Pt mesh of (0.188 6±0.013 4) m_H2³·m^-3·d^-1. The addition of a certain amount of CuS not only regulates the electron transfer ability of MoS₂ but also increases the density of active sites.

硫化铜(CuS)作为一种过渡金属硫族化合物，因其独特的电学和光学性质，在水体污染物去除领域展现出吸附和光催化应用的潜力。然而，CuS光生电子-空穴对复合速率高、光腐蚀稳定性差等关键缺陷限制了其实际应用。为克服这些瓶颈，离子掺杂策略被广泛用于提升CuS的光稳定性和光催化活性。本文系统综述了离子掺杂CuS纳米材料的合成方法，重点阐述了微波水热合成法的高效性与应用优势，深入分析了离子掺杂对其能带结构、缺陷态及载流子动力学的影响机制，并对2020—2025年间离子掺杂CuS在光催化与能源领域的最新研究进展进行了归纳与评述。